Zizindikiro mu Zolemba Zachijeremani ndi German Complements
CHOLINGA KU GERMAN - KUYANKHA KWIMODZI - KUCHITIKA KUCHITIKA NDI TOLOL TOLL
Cholinga (Akkusativobjekt / Nominativ- Akkusativ)
Chidziwitso ndi eigenvalue yomwe yawonetsedwa. Wowonjezera amayankha "Ndani, nanga," ndi mafunso ati.
Zolinga zimafufuzidwa m'magulu awiri malinga ndi momwe amalandira mawu a boma.
1. Cholinga Chodziwika
Ngati mawu mu chinthucho atenga "-i" boma, chinthucho chimatchedwa chinthu.
"Anapereka kwa amayi ake aamayi ake aakazi."
ndi chinthu chomwe chili ndi mawu akuti "Jikseleri" m'mawu akuti "-i".
2. Chosazindikiritsidwa
Ngati mawu akuti "-i" mu chinthu chopanda kulandira mawu a boma, chinthucho ndi chinthu chosagwiritsidwa ntchito.
"Anamupatsa maluwa."
chinthu "chamaluwa" mu chiganizo ichi si chinthu cha mtundu uwu.
Kuphatikizidwa Kwachindunji (Kukonzekera Ergänzung / Dativobjekt)
Wopusa, posonyeza kumene katunduyo akulowera, ulipo ndi kuchotsedwa. Kutsegula anafunsa "kuti", "ti" ndi "ndi" kutenga boma anawonjezera ZOWONJEZERA kwa chomwecho mafunso omwe mawu kapena mawu mawu opezeka mozungulira womuyenerera ntchito. Limawonjezera mafunso ndi mayankho kuti lamulo limeneli kukuletsa kusokoneza zinthu zina. Ndiloleni ndifotokoze izi ndi zitsanzo.
"Anandipatsa mabuku ake ndi mabuku."
timapempha kukweza "kwa yemwe" funso kuti tipeze mfundo zisanu ndi chimodzi mu chiganizocho. Yankho liri chimodzimodzi mu funsolo. Kotero mawu akuti "ine" ali omveka.
"Tikukuwonani nokha m'chilimwe."
liwu lachisanu ndi chimodzi mu chiganizo ndi "-e" vuto. Koma kuti tipeze chinthu ichi, timapempha kukakamizidwa "funso". Funso, monga mukuonera, likufunsidwa popanda kutenga mulandu. Kotero izi sizowonjezera, ngakhale muli "-ndi" boma.
"Anachoka popanda kumufunsa aliyense."
timapempha funso "malo oti tiike" kuti tipeze ziwerengero zisanu ndi chimodzi. Pankhaniyi, funsoli lakhala ngati "-e", koma mawu oti "kunja" satenga mtundu womwewo. Kotero ife sitingakhoze kuitcha kuti wothandizira molakwika.
Zimatithandiza kusiyanitsa pakati pa zinthu zomwe tikuziwona ndi zinthu zovuta ndi mayankho ofanana.
Titha kuwonanso chimodzimodzi muzokwanira "-de" ndi "-den".
"Anandidikirira m'kalasi kwa maola awiri."
Timapempha funso "komwe angayikemo" kuti mulandire zinthu zisanu ndi chimodzi muzolembazo. Kotero chinthu ichi sichilunjika.
"Tonse taima kwa maola awiri."
Tiyenera kufunsa momwe tingayankhire funso "sikisi" kuti tipeze ziwerengero zisanu ndi chimodzi. Funso silinayankhidwe ndi "-de" suffix. Kotero cholingacho sichiri chothandizira chokhazikika.
"Anachoka kuno masiku awiri apitawo."
ziwerengero zisanu ndi chimodzi mu chiganizocho zinayankhidwa mwachindunji poyankha funso "kuchokera".
"Ndikufuna mtima wanu ubwere."
izi ndizosakwanira chifukwa zimayankha funso "momwe".
"Kodi mudzataya mapaundi atatu a madzi?"
tikupempha kuti tiike funso la "funso" kuti tipeze mfundo zisanu ndi chimodzi mu chiganizo. Yankho ndilokuti mfundoyi ndi yofunika kwambiri.
"Iye sanabwere wodwala."
timapeza mfundo zisanu ndi chimodzi mu chiganizo ndi funso la "nicin". Choncho izi sizowonjezera.
Titha kupititsa patsogolo zitsanzo. Chomwe tikusowa kukumbukira pano ndi kukhala ndi zilembo zofanana (-e, -de, -den).
Mungakonde kudziwa: Kodi mungakonde kuphunzira njira zosavuta komanso zofulumira kwambiri zopangira ndalama zomwe palibe amene adaziganizirapo? Njira zoyambirira zopangira ndalama! Komanso, palibe chifukwa cha likulu! Kuti mudziwe zambiri Dinani apa
Envelope complement (Temporalbestimmung)
Nthawi, chikhalidwe, kuchuluka, malangizo, chikhalidwe, ndi zina za katundu. ndi omwe amavomereza. Zonsezi zimapezeka mu funso losiyana.
"Tiyenera kugulitsa galu popanda mpweya."
envelopu yamakalata asanu ndi imodzi "pamene";
"Tifunika kukhala ndi moyo popanda kufunikira mdani wotsutsa."
"momwe" envelopu ya kalata zisanu ndi imodzi mu chiganizo;
"Ndemanga zomwe ndinalandira zinali zazikulu kwambiri."
"kuchuluka kwake" ma envulopu asanu ndi limodzi mu chiganizo;
"Analowa mkati popanda kunena mawu."
envelopu yamakalata 6 "kumene";
"Tikakhala nthawi yathu, tidzakhala ndi chitsanzo china."
Envelopu ya kalata zisanu ndi imodzi mu pangano inayankha "ngati" mafunsowa.
Mayankho a mafunso awa nthawi zonse amafufuzidwa. Koma apa tiyenera kumvetsera kumene "komwe". Ife anauzanso za womuyenerera mozungulira, mosadziwika womuyenerera ndi buldurur.ancak kuyankha mafunso awa amafunikanso ubwenzi chomwecho. Mawu akuti "mkati", kumbali inayo, si choncho. Nyumbayi i.e., malo-malangizo limasonyeza udindo malipoti envulopu malangizo popanda kuphatikana.
Chinthu chimodzi choyenera kudziwa pamene kulekanitsa ziganizo ndizogwiritsira ntchito zizindikiro zochepa.
"Iye ndi wophunzira kwambiri."
chiganizo mu chiganizo, mawu a kalata asanu ndi limodzi atsirizidwa. Dzulo ndi dzina la "wophunzira", "caliskan" ndi sifata cha wophunzira. "Too" ndi envelopu ya cryptic sifatinine. Chifukwa chake, sangathe kusiyanitsa wina ndi mnzake ngati "wophunzira wolimbikira ntchito" ali wangwiro. Koma ife tiri ndi chiganizo chomwecho;
"Iye ali wodekha kwambiri."
, "caliskandir" predicate adzakhala "envelopes" zambiri. Pamene ziganizidwe zochepa zomwe zimatchulidwa ndizolembedwa, ma envulopu omwe amavomereza kuti ali ndi udindo wawo.
Edat Tümleci (Modalbestimmung)
Mawu omwe amasonyeza zomwe ulosiwu uli, chifukwa cha ndani, ndi chifukwa chiti, amatchedwa prepositions.
"Iye amalemba zolemba zake zonse ndi cholembera cha kasupe."
"Iye anachita kafukufuku uyu ndi anzache."
"Ndakukonzerani mbale izi."
Mawu asanu ndi limodzi mu ziganizowa amawerengedwa ngati prepositions.
Mu chiganizo, mawu aliwonse sali nkhani yotsutsa. Mawu kapena mawu omwe samayankha pa mafunso omwe akufunsidwa kuti apangidwe amawoneka kuti ndizolemba ziganizo. Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani mawu awa.
"Ahmet, sindinakuuzeni kuti musachedwe nthawi zambiri?"
Monga mukuonera, "Ahmet" samayankha mafunso aliwonse omwe akufunsidwa muzitsulo, choncho chiganizocho ndi chosagwirizana.