Kodi malipiro ochepera ku UK ndi chiyani (zosintha za 2024)

Kodi malipiro ochepera ku England ndi otani? Kodi malipiro ochepera ku UK ndi ma euro angati? Anthu omwe akufuna kukhala ndi kugwira ntchito ku England (United Kingdom) akufufuza kuti malipiro ochepa ndi otani ku England. Tikukufotokozerani ma euro angati, mapaundi angati komanso ma USD angati omwe amalipidwa kwambiri ku UK.

Tisanalowe pamutu woti malipiro ochepa ali ku UK, zingakhale zothandiza kuti mupereke zidziwitso zoyambira za ndalama zochepa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku UK.

Choyamba, tiyeni tifotokoze za mitundu ya malipiro ochepa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku England (United Kingdom).

Malipiro ochepera ku England

Tisanalankhule za kuchuluka kwa malipiro ochepa ku UK, tiyenera kupereka zambiri za ndalama za UK ndi zitsanzo za malipiro ochepa.

Mapaundi aku Britain ndi ndalama zovomerezeka zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi United Kingdom. British pound, yofalitsidwa ndi Bank of England. Mtengo wotsika kwambiri wa magawo a British pound sterling khobirindi ndi 100 pennies ku 1 mapaundi aku Britain ofanana. Mapaundi aku Britain amadziwika kuti GBP pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi.

Ku UK, malipiro ochepa amasinthidwanso pa 1 Epulo chaka chilichonse. Ngati padzakhala chiwonjezeko cha malipiro ochepa, chiwonjezekochi chimapangidwa pa April 1 chaka chilichonse.

Malipiro ochepa ku England (United Kingdom) amasiyana malinga ndi zaka za ogwira ntchito. Pali mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya malipiro ochepa ku UK. Ma tariff awa:

Ngati muli ndi zaka 23 kapena kupitirira, National Living Wage imalipidwa. National Living Wage (NLW).

Anthu azaka zosakwana 23 komanso ophunzitsidwa ntchito amalipidwa National Minimum Wage, yotchedwa National Minimum Wage (NMW).

Pomaliza, pa 1 Epulo 2023, malipiro ochepera ku England kwa ogwira ntchito azaka 23 ndi kupitilira apo adatsimikiziridwa kuti ndi £23 (10,42 Mapaundi aku Britain). Ndalamayi ndi mtengo waola lililonse. Malipiro ochepera ku England adzasinthidwanso pa Epulo 10,42, 1. Malipiro ochepera akatsimikizidwanso ku England pa Epulo 2024, 1, tidzasintha nkhaniyi ndikukudziwitsani za malipiro ochepera.

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone patebulo malipiro ochepera omwe amalipidwa kwa ogwira ntchito azaka 23 ndi kupitilira apo ndi malipiro ochepera omwe amaperekedwa kwa ogwira ntchito osakwana zaka 23 ndi ophunzira.

Malipiro ochepera aku UK	Ndalama zomwe zilipo (kuyambira pa Epulo 1, 2023)
Zaka 23 ndi kupitilira (National Living Wage)	£10,42 (12,2 Euro) (13,4 USD)
Zaka 21 mpaka 22	£10,18 (11,9 Euro) (13,1 USD)
Zaka 18 mpaka 20	£7,49 (8,7 Euro) (13,1 USD)
pansi pa 18	£5,28 (6 Euro) (6,8 USD)
wophunzira	£5,28 (6 Euro) (6,8 USD)

Malipiro ochepera ku England adatsimikiziridwa komaliza pa 1 Epulo 2023 ndipo adzatsimikizidwanso pa 1 Epulo 2024. Boma limayang'ana malipiro ochepa chaka chilichonse ndipo nthawi zambiri amasinthidwa mu April. Malipiro omwe mukuwona patebulo ndi malipiro a ola limodzi.

Kuyambira pa 1 Epulo 2024, ogwira ntchito azaka 21 ndi kupitilira apo adzakhala oyenerera kulandira National Living Wage.

Ndizosemphana ndi lamulo kuti olemba anzawo ntchito azilipira ndalama zochepa kuposa National Minimum Wage kapena National Living Wage.

Ayeneranso kusunga malekodi olondola a malipiro ndikuwapangitsa kupezeka pamene afunsidwa.

Ngati bwanayo sapereka malipiro ochepera bwino, ayenera kuthetsa vutoli mwamsanga.

Wolemba ntchito alinso ndi udindo wopereka malipiro ochepera pa nthawi yake komanso mosazengereza. Izi ndi zoona ngakhale wogwira ntchito kapena wogwira ntchitoyo sakulembedwanso ntchito.

Ndizosemphana ndi lamulo kuti olemba anzawo ntchito azilipira ndalama zochepa kuposa National Minimum Wage kapena National Living Wage.

Ayeneranso kusunga malekodi olondola a malipiro ndikuwapangitsa kupezeka pamene afunsidwa.

Ngati bwanayo sapereka malipiro ochepera bwino, ayenera kuthetsa vutoli mwamsanga.

Ndani amalipidwa malipiro ochepa ku UK?

Aliyense wolembedwa ntchito kapena wogwira ntchito ayenera kulandira National Minimum Wage kapena National Living Wage.

Mwachitsanzo,

• antchito anthawi zonse
• ogwira ntchito ganyu
• Omwe ali ndi maphunziro ofunikira pantchitoyo
• omwe amagwira ntchito mubizinesi yaying'ono kapena 'yoyambitsa'

Zimagwiranso ntchito ku:

• antchito abungwe
• ogwira ntchito zaulimi
• ophunzira
• ogwira ntchito tsiku limodzi, monga munthu wolembedwa ntchito tsiku limodzi
• antchito osakhalitsa
• ogwira ntchito zoyeserera
• antchito akunja
• ogwira ntchito zapakhomo
• antchito akunyanja
• amalinyero
• ogwira ntchito olipidwa ndi Commission
• Ogwira ntchito amalipidwa molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopangidwa (chidutswa)
• ogwira ntchito maola zero

Mitundu yokha ya ntchito zomwe sizimaperekedwa ndi:

• freelancer (ngati mukufuna)
• wodzipereka m'modzi (mwa kusankha)
• woyang'anira kampani
• m'magulu ankhondo
• kugwira ntchito monga gawo la maphunziro
• ntchito mthunzi
• pansi pa msinkhu wosiyira sukulu

Mumakhala m’nyumba ya abwana anu

Muli oyenera kulandira malipiro ochepera ngati mukukhala m'nyumba ya abwana anu, pokhapokha:

• Ngati ndinu membala wa banja la abwana anu, sakuyenera kukulipirani malipiro ochepa.
• Ngati simuli wachibale wa abwana anu koma mumagawana ntchito ndi zosangalatsa ndipo simukulipiritsidwa chakudya kapena malo ogona, bwanayo sayenera kukulipirani malipiro ochepa.

Kodi malipiro ocheperako adzakwera liti ku UK?

Nthawi zina ogwira ntchito kapena ogwira ntchito adzakhala ndi ufulu wolandira malipiro ochepa kwambiri, mwachitsanzo:

• Ngati boma likuwonjezera malipiro ochepa (nthawi zambiri mu April chaka chilichonse)
• Ngati wogwira ntchito kapena wogwira ntchito akwanitsa zaka 18, 21 kapena 23 zakubadwa
• Ngati wophunzira akwanitsa zaka 19 kapena akamaliza chaka choyamba cha maphunziro awo

Mtengo wokwera umayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira nthawi yamalipiro pambuyo pakuwonjezeka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti malipiro a munthu sangakwere nthawi yomweyo. Nthawi yowerengera ndi mwezi umodzi kwa omwe amalandira malipiro awo mwezi ndi mwezi. Nthawi yowonetsera singadutse mwezi wa 1.

a ku englandKodi chingachotsedwe chiyani pamalipiro ochepera?

Abwana anu amaloledwa kuchotsera ndalama zina kuchokera ku National Minimum Wage kapena National Living Wage. Zochotsera izi ndi:

• msonkho ndi zopereka za National Insurance
• kubweza pasadakhale kapena kubweza
• zopereka zopuma pantchito
• malipiro a mgwirizano
• malo ogona operekedwa ndi abwana anu

Ndi chiyani chomwe sichingachotsedwe ku malipiro ochepa?

Zina zochotsera malipiro anu ndi ndalama zokhudzana ndi ntchito sizingachepetse malipiro anu pansi pa malipiro ochepa.

Zitsanzo zina:

• zida
• yunifolomu
• ndalama zoyendera (kupatulapo kupita ndi kuchokera kuntchito)
• ndalama za maphunziro okakamiza

Kumene mungakapereke madandaulo ngati abwana akulipira ndalama zochepa kuposa malipiro ochepera?

Ngati wogwira ntchito sanalipidwe malipiro ochepera atha kudandaula ku HMRC. (HMRC)UK Revenue and Customs) amadziwika kuti Her-His Majesty's Revenue & Customs.

Madandaulo ku HMRC sangakhale osadziwika. Munthu wina, monga bwenzi, wachibale, kapena munthu wina amene amagwira naye ntchito, akhozanso kudandaula.

Ngati HMRC ipeza kuti wogwira ntchitoyo sanapereke malipiro ochepera, zomwe angachite ndi awa:

• Kupereka chidziwitso pakubweza ndalama zomwe wabwereketsa, kubwereranso mpaka zaka 6
• Chindapusa chofikira pa £20.000 ndi chindapusa chosachepera £100 kwa wogwira ntchito kapena wogwira ntchito aliyense wokhudzidwa, ngakhale mtengo wake utakhala wocheperako.
• Zochita zamalamulo, kuphatikiza milandu yamilandu
• Kutumiza mayina abizinesi ndi olemba anzawo ntchito ku dipatimenti yazamalonda ndi malonda (DBT), zomwe zingawaike pamndandanda wa anthu onse.

Ngati wogwira ntchito kapena wogwira ntchito sanalipidwe malipiro ochepera, athanso kufunsira kukhoti lazantchito.

Ayenera kusankha kuchita izi kapena kudandaula ku HMRC. Sangathe kupereka nkhani yomweyo kudzera munjira ziwiri zalamulo.

Kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe wogwira ntchito kapena wogwira ntchito angatchule zimadalira mtundu wa zomwe akufuna. Mwachitsanzo, ngati apempha kuti malipiro ochepa asamalipidwe, atha kupempha ngongole zawo mpaka zaka ziwiri zapitazo.

Ndani alibe ufulu wolandira malipiro ochepa ku UK?

Sakuyenera kulandira malipiro ochepa

Ogwira ntchito awa sakuyenera kulandira National Minimum Wage kapena National Living Wage:

• anthu odzilemba okha omwe amachita bizinesi yawoyawo
• oyang'anira makampani
• anthu odzipereka
• Omwe amagwira ntchito m'boma lolemba ntchito monga Pulogalamu ya Ntchito
• mamembala ankhondo
• Achibale a olemba ntchito akukhala m'nyumba ya abwana
• Anthu osakhala a m’banja amene amakhala m’nyumba ya abwanawo, amagawana ntchito ndi zosangalatsa, amaonedwa ngati mbali ya banja ndipo salipidwa ndalama za chakudya kapena malo ogona, mwachitsanzo ma au-pairs.
• antchito ochepera zaka zosiya sukulu (nthawi zambiri 16)
• ophunzira apamwamba ndi apamwamba omwe amagwira ntchito kapena kulembedwa ntchito mpaka chaka chimodzi
• ogwira ntchito m'mapologalamu aboma asanayambe kuphunzira
• Anthu aku European Union (EU) mapulogalamu: Leonardo da Vinci, Erasmus+, Comenius
• Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito mpaka masabata 6 mu mayeso a Jobcentre Plus Work
• kugawana asodzi
• akaidi
• anthu amene amakhala ndi kugwira ntchito m'gulu lachipembedzo

Kodi maola ochuluka ogwira ntchito pa sabata ku UK ndi ati?

• Ogwira ntchito ambiri Wapakati monga maola oposa 48 pa sabata siziyenera kugwira ntchito. Nthawi imeneyi kawirikawiri 17 sabata Imawerengedwa pakanthawi kochepa.
• wazaka zopitilira 18 antchito, mwina Atha kusankha kupitilira malire a maola 48. Izi, "48 ora sabata osataya mtimaAmadziwika kuti.
• osakwana zaka 18 antchito, maola oposa 40 pa sabata kapena kuposa maola 8 pa tsiku sindingathe kugwira ntchito.
• Pali zosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, omwe amagwira ntchito m'mabizinesi kapena ntchito zadzidzidzi zomwe zimafunikira maola 24 amatha kugwira ntchito mopitilira maola 48.
• antchito, Maola 11 pa sabata nthawi yopuma yosasokonezedwa ndi Maola 24 pa sabata ali ndi ufulu wopuma.
• Malipiro owonjezera nthawi ndi osachepera malipiro ovomerezeka 1,25 nthawi akhale.

Kodi tchuthi chapachaka chovomerezeka ku UK ndi masiku angati?

Ufulu wapachaka wovomerezeka

Ogwira ntchito ambiri omwe amagwira ntchito masiku asanu pa sabata amayenera kulandira masiku osachepera 5 atchuthi chapachaka cholipidwa pachaka. Izi zikufanana ndi masabata 28 atchuthi. 

ntchito yanthawi yochepa

Ogwira ntchito ganyu omwe amagwira ntchito maola okhazikika chaka chonse ali ndi ufulu wokhala ndi tchuthi cholipidwa kwa milungu 5,6, koma izi zikhala zosakwana masiku 28. 

Mwachitsanzo, ngati akugwira ntchito masiku atatu pa sabata, ayenera kutenga tchuthi cha masiku osachepera 3 (16,8×3) pachaka.

Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito maola osakhazikika kapena gawo lina la chaka (monga antchito aganyu) ali ndi ufulu wofikira masabata 5,6 atchuthi chovomerezeka.

Olemba ntchito atha kusankha kupereka tchuthi chochulukirapo kuposa kuchuluka kwalamulo. Sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo onse okhudzana ndi tchuthi chovomerezeka kutchuthi chowonjezera. Mwachitsanzo, wogwira ntchito angafunikire kulembedwa ntchito kwa nthawi yakutiyakuti kuti ayenerere ntchitoyo.

Kodi ndizotheka kugwira ntchito Lamlungu ku England?

Kugwira ntchito Lamlungu kumadalira ngati munthuyo watchulidwa pa izi:

• dongosolo la bizinesi
• mawu olembedwa a ziganizo ndi zikhalidwe

Wogwira ntchito sangagwire ntchito Lamlungu pokhapokha atagwirizana ndi bwana wake ndikulemba izi (mwachitsanzo, pokhapokha atasintha mgwirizano).

Olemba ntchito azilipira antchito ochulukirapo pogwira ntchito Lamlungu pokhapokha ngati agwirizana ngati gawo la mgwirizano.

Kugwira ntchito m'masitolo ndi m'malo obetcha Lamlungu

Ogwira ntchito sakuyenera kugwira ntchito Lamlungu ngati:

• Ogwira ntchito m’masitolo amene anayamba kugwira ntchito ndi owalemba ntchito pa 26 August 1994 kapena asanakwane (ku Northern Ireland izi zili pa 4 December 1997 kapena isanafike)
• Ogwira ntchito m'masitolo ogulitsa kubetcha omwe adayamba kugwira ntchito ndi owalemba ntchito pa 2 Januware 1995 kapena asanakwane (ku Northern Ireland izi zili pa 26 February 2004 kapena asanakwane)
• Ogwira ntchito onse azidziwitsidwa za ufulu wawo wogwira ntchito Lamlungu lino akayamba ntchito.

Osataya mtima kugwira ntchito Lamlungu

Onse ogwira ntchito m'sitolo atha kusiya kugwira ntchito Lamlungu bola ngati Lamlungu si tsiku lokhalo lomwe akupezeka kuti agwire ntchito. Akhoza kusiya kugwira ntchito Lamlungu nthawi iliyonse yomwe akufuna, ngakhale atagwirizana nazo mu mgwirizano wawo.

Ogwira ntchito m'sitolo ayenera:

• Kudziwitsa owalemba ntchito miyezi itatu pasadakhale kuti akufuna kusiya
• Kupitiliza kugwira ntchito Lamlungu mkati mwa miyezi itatu yazidziwitso ngati abwana apempha

Wolemba ntchito amene akufuna kuti antchito azigwira ntchito Lamlungu ayenera kudziwitsa antchitowa mwa kulemba kuti angasiye ntchitoyi. Ayenera kuchita izi mkati mwa miyezi iwiri kuchokera pamene munthu wayamba ntchito; Ngati satero, amangofunika chidziwitso cha mwezi umodzi kuti achoke.

Zambiri Zokhudza Malipiro Ochepa a UK:

• Malipiro ochepera a anthu ogwira ntchito ku UK moyo woyenera ulemu wa munthu otsimikiza kuonetsetsa kuti akupitiriza.
• Malipiro ochepera, kuchuluka kwa inflation ve mtengo wapakati pa moyo kutsimikizika poganizira.
• Kudziwa malipiro ochepa Low Pay Commission Bungwe loyima palokha lotchedwa (Low Pay Commission) limagwira ntchito.
• Low Pay Commission, chaka chilichonse Kaya malipiro ochepa adzawonjezeredwa kapena ayi ve kuchuluka bwanji amasankha.

Kufunika kwa Malipiro Ochepa:

• Malipiro ochepera, kuchepetsa umphawi ve kusagwirizana pakati pa anthu zimathandiza kuthetsa mavuto.
• Malipiro ochepera, mphamvu zogulira antchito kuchuluka ndi kumwa amalimbikitsa.
• Malipiro ochepera, kukukula kwachuma amathandizira.

Zotsutsana Zokhudza Malipiro Ochepera:

• malipiro ochepa kaya kwakwanira Kukambitsirana pamutuwu kukupitirira.
• Ena ali pamwamba pa malipiro ochepa kuwonjezeka pang'ono Pomwe kutsutsana kuti ndikofunikira
• Ena ali pamwamba pa malipiro ochepa kuchulukitsidwa kudzachulukitsa ulova amateteza.

Malipiro ochepera a anthu ogwira ntchito ku UK ufulu wofunikiragalimoto. Kuonjezera malipiro ochepa, kuchepetsa umphawi ve kusagwirizana pakati pa anthu zidzathandiza kuthetsa mavuto.

Moyo wogwira ntchito ku England

Moyo wogwira ntchito ku UK nthawi zambiri umakhala wokhazikika pamachitidwe okhazikika pamalamulo ndikuteteza ufulu wa ogwira ntchito osiyanasiyana. Ufulu wa ogwira ntchito ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito amapangidwa ku UK ndi kulowererapo kosalekeza kwa boma ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana. Nazi zina zofunika pa moyo wogwira ntchito ku UK:

1. Malamulo ndi Miyezo ya Ntchito: UK ili ndi malamulo ndi malamulo angapo omwe amateteza ufulu wa ogwira ntchito. Chimodzi mwa zofunika kwambiri mwa izi ndi Workers' Rights Act. Lamuloli limayang'anira ufulu wachibadwidwe wa ogwira ntchito ndi udindo wa olemba anzawo ntchito kwa ogwira ntchito.
2. Ufulu WantchitoUfulu wa ogwira ntchito ku UK umaphatikizapo maola ogwira ntchito oyenera, ufulu wa tchuthi chapachaka, zopindulitsa monga penshoni ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, ndi mimba ndi tchuthi cha makolo.
3. Ndalama ndi Misonkho: Ku UK, malipiro oyambira monga malipiro ochepa amatsimikiziridwa mwalamulo ndipo olemba ntchito sangathe kulipira malipiro ocheperapo. Kuonjezera apo, misonkho monga msonkho wa ndalama ndi ndalama za inshuwalansi za dziko zimachotsedwa mwachindunji kumalipiro a wogwira ntchitoyo.
4. Kupeza Ntchito Ndi Kusaka Ntchito: Ofunafuna ntchito ku UK nthawi zambiri amatha kupeza ntchito kuchokera kumadera osiyanasiyana. Zolemba zantchito nthawi zambiri zimasindikizidwa kudzera m'mawebusayiti, manyuzipepala, mabungwe ogwira ntchito ndi makampani olembera anthu ntchito. Kuonjezera apo, boma lili ndi mabungwe olembera anthu ntchito ndi ntchito zothandizira kuti athe kupeza ndi kufufuza ntchito.
5. Ntchito Culture: Katswiri komanso chikhalidwe chabizinesi chokhazikika nthawi zambiri chimakhala m'malo antchito ku UK. Misonkhano yamalonda ndi kulankhulana nthawi zambiri zimachitika m'chinenero chovomerezeka. Kuonjezera apo, kutsindika kumayikidwa pa kusiyana ndi kufanana kuntchito.
6. Mabungwe ndi Kuyimira Ogwira Ntchito: Ku UK, mabungwe amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poteteza ufulu wa ogwira ntchito komanso kuteteza zofuna za ogwira ntchito. M'malo ambiri ogwira ntchito, mabungwe amagwira ntchito ndipo amaimira zofuna za ogwira ntchito.

Moyo wogwira ntchito ku UK umapangidwa ndi kusintha kosasintha kwachuma ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu ndikuthandizidwa ndi malamulo omwe alipo panopa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti omwe akufuna kugwira ntchito ku UK asamalire malamulo ndi malamulo omwe alipo.